7/21/2023 0 Comments Hypnotize swirl(deceased from this life)Īppearance = to me he looked like Leggalos from The Lord of the Ring movies, the actor was named Orlando Bloom.Ībility = his word becomes law, produces hammers of war, justice, and law.Įyes = irises bright purple, black pupil shaped hammer.Īppearance = 6ft tall, dark hair, broad and muscular, a Tom Welling look alike to me.Ībility = power over the heart, compassion, pain, death, and compulsion.Įyes = irises neon green, black heart shaped pupil.Īppearance = auburn shaggy hair, goatee and mustache, looked like a speak easy poet from the sixties.Įyes = majestic blue irises, black pupil with a blue compass within them.Īppearance = was a Matthew McConaughey look alike. Macabee – previous leader of the Watchers. I sure would love to hear your comments on which one you can relate to. After that about 4 weeks and it will be on the shelf so you can get your copy.īelow is a list of all the Watchers in the book, and their abilities. Of course after it is finished as a manuscript it will then go to the editors for grammar and spelling correction then to the publisher. So far it is coming along great as long as the brain suckers don't put me into a writers block it will be finished by then. Hopefully I want have to talk to my editors and move up my deadline date of Dec. I believe this is one of my best writes yet and this is one book you don't want to miss out on. There is much action, and danger ahead and hopefully I don't get lost in the battle of it all.Ĭhapters that are completely finished. Every thing is flowing so freely and the story is getting exciting and putting me on the edge of my seat. The story of Alleah and The People of The Dark is coming along great. Today, I have gotten to Chapter 17 and more than likely I will have up to Chapter 20 finished by tonight. I figured I would post an update on how far along it is now. I know there are many that are excited about this upcoming book.
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7/21/2023 0 Comments Pamfax vouchersUsually commercial software or games are produced for sale or to serve a commercial purpose. Even though, most trial software products are only time-limited some also have feature limitations. After that trial period (usually 15 to 90 days) the user can decide whether to buy the software or not. Trial software allows the user to evaluate the software for a limited amount of time. Demos are usually not time-limited (like Trial software) but the functionality is limited. In some cases, all the functionality is disabled until the license is purchased. Demoĭemo programs have a limited functionality for free, but charge for an advanced set of features or for the removal of advertisements from the program's interfaces. In some cases, ads may be show to the users. Basically, a product is offered Free to Play (Freemium) and the user can decide if he wants to pay the money (Premium) for additional features, services, virtual or physical goods that expand the functionality of the game. This license is commonly used for video games and it allows users to download and play the game for free. There are many different open source licenses but they all must comply with the Open Source Definition - in brief: the software can be freely used, modified and shared. Programs released under this license can be used at no cost for both personal and commercial purposes. Open Source software is software with source code that anyone can inspect, modify or enhance. Freeware products can be used free of charge for both personal and professional (commercial use). While the PamFax Professional plan charges 6. You need to purchase credit for sending faxes.įreeware programs can be downloaded used free of charge and without any time limitations. Note: 3 pages when opening a new account. Free social integration, access the product from Facebook or Salesforce.Put your name and fax number in the fax header.Send any document you want, the program supports more than 100 formats.Instant status notifications via Skype Chat, E-Mail and/or SMS.No subscriptions, no additional cost, no hidden costs, and no advertising.SSL secure – your fax data is encrypted.Freedom of choice how you wish to pay for your fax.PamFax Portal: access your in-box, history and send faxes from any web browser.PamConsult reserves the right to stop accepting debit or credit cards from one or more issuers. Access the program on your computer or via your web browser You must deposit sufficient PamFax Credit in your User Account through your debit or credit card, PayPal, promotional voucher, or other means which may be made available by PamConsult.Send to multiple fax recipients in one fax.Professional and Basic Plans include personal fax number.Directly access Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive, or Box.Tshi software is available for Web, Microsoft Windows, macOS, iPhone/iPad, Android, Windows Phone, and Blackberry 10.New users get 3 free pages to try PamFax!.Receive faxes on your local personal fax number (available in many countries). No monthly cost: only pay the pages you fax. A user-friendly wizard makes sending a fax a breeze via easy to use fax software, send faxes from Word/Excel/Outlook, easy payment. It also keeps a full record of your fax history and processing, so you'll be able to keep track of your documents just like you did when you used an old-fashioned fax machine!īring faxing bang up to date with PamFax.Looking for a simple and inexpensive solution to send and receive faxes? PamFax has it all: simple to use and fully integrated with Skype, Windows Explorer, Mac OSX Dock, and more. It also comes with a host of handy features, like the ability to receive unlimited faxes, the choice to use it online or on your desktop and the option to send multiple documents in one fax. You can also use part of your Skype Credit on PamFax.įrom a practical point of view, PamFax is very intuitive and simple to use. Also bear in mind that you can use PamFax on demand, but it proves cheaper if you sign up for a plan. After that, the transmission of a page costs between €0.07 and €0.11, depending on what plan you sign up for. In order to prove its worth, PamFax lets you send your first three pages free of charge. In fact, the only thing to bear in mind when using PamFax is that you'll have to pay the (very reasonable) cost of the fax. Not any more - this clever app integrates perfectly with Skype and Microsoft Office, and is very simple to use. 7/21/2023 0 Comments Watch the readerThere are currently no platforms that have the rights to Watch The Reader Movie Online.MAPPA has decided to air the movie only in theaters because it has been a huge success.The studio, on the other hand, does not wish to divert revenue Streaming the movie would only slash the profits, not increase them.Īs a result, no streaming services are authorized to offer The Reader Movie for free. Our readers to always pay for the content they wish to consume online and refrain from using illegal means. How to Watch The Reader for Free?release on a platform that offers a free trial. The film is being released in a wide release so you can watch it in person. Tickets to see the film at your local movie theater are available online here. The Reader hits theaters on January 02, 2008. The Reader online is free, which includes streaming options such as 123movies, Reddit, or TV shows from HBO Max or Netflix! The Reader is definitely a The Reader movie you don't want to miss with stunning visuals and an action-packed plot! Plus, The Reader online streaming is available on our website. He alone realizes that Hanna is illiterate and may be concealing that fact at the expense of her freedom. If you're a fan of the comics, you won't want to miss this one! The storyline follows The Reader The story of Michael Berg, a German lawyer who, as a teenager in the late 1950s, had an affair with an older woman, Hanna, who then disappeared only to resurface years later as one of the defendants in a war crimes trial stemming from her actions as a concentration camp guard late in the war. Details on how you can watch The Reader for free throughout the year are described Thanks for reading, and we'll see you soon! The Reader is available on our website for free streaming. We're sure you'll find something to your liking. of our other movies available to watch online. Showcase Cinema Warwick you'll want to make sure you're one of the first people to see it! So mark your calendars and get ready for a The Reader movie experience like never before. A 1950s housewife living with her husband in a utopian experimental community begins to worry that his glamorous company could be hiding disturbing secrets. Now Is The Reader available to stream? Is watching The Reader on Disney Plus, HBO Max, Netflix, or Amazon Prime? Yes, we have found an authentic streaming option/service. #The Reader will be available to watch online on Netflix's very soon! This movie is one of the best in its genre. Do you like movies? If so, then you’ll love New Romance Movie: The Reader. 23 secs ago - Still Now Here Option’s to Downloading or watching The Reader streaming the full movie online for free. 7/21/2023 0 Comments Asset upnp radioInstall over the top of existing version, when offered to uninstall old, select no. I tried Minimserver for a while until Illustrate released an Asset for Synology. Its so so easy to install, simple to learn & optimise to whatever you want & a delight to use. If an album is compilation then album view will not show any compilation artist as album artist, unless an artist has been browsed higher up the tree Asset UPnP for me, yu must get the full version, it does it all & more, 24/192, DSD & all (& more) of the lesser formats, so much more to list. Streaming Decoder rewritten, big improvements on marginal radio and WASAPI streaming, also should be more able to resist heavy load on serverĪlbum listing added new entryīug Fix: Album Artist would not appear in sorted and unsorted location The images can be found in the AssetImages folder where Asset is installedĪAC Radio Stations added, some 320kbps AAC streams out there Icons for artist, genre, etc main menu items. Results 1 to 6 of 6 Thread: TuneIn favourites in Asset 5.1 QNAP Thread Tools 02-27-2017, 03:09 PM 1 radekker Join Date Sep 2016 Posts 12 TuneIn favourites in Asset 5.1 QNAP I have Asset UPnP 5. 'as DoP' embeds the DSD bitstream into a WAVE file, requires a DoP compatible DACĪble to select more network shares in the browse library dialog Asset UPnP TuneIn favourites in Asset 5.1 QNAP Forum Registration is required to post a message. When browse file & folders, if have folder.jpg or cover.jpg then present for folderīug Fix: if add a new lib folder, then asset is restarted so picks up (for file and folder browsing)īug Fix: Was possible to have multiple assets running after installĭSD handling: 'as is' sends untouched audio/x-dff or audio/x-dsf. Now uses persistent browse ids (even if asset is restarted)Īsset Configuration > Added 'Configuration Folder: Open in Explorer' Asset UPnPoffers you the possibility to setup an audio server that provides high-quality streaming capabilities and grants control over the browsing options. Upstream art uses compilation artist, but will replace with non-compilation laterĭoes not remove files from database when the whole location missing (such as nas share down)Ĭompilation albums corrected to not show as Various Artists New database design, faster at indexing, browsing albums Read our SharePoint vs OneDrive guide to learn how the two differ. It’s also why OneDrive is one of the top recommendations on our best cloud storage for collaboration short list. If you’re a business user, you can combine OneDrive with other Microsoft tools, like Microsoft SharePoint, to become a one-stop shop for all of your essential business documents. Similar services are available if you’re using another operating system, such as macOS, with OneDrive for Mac users getting a similar experience. You’ll need a Microsoft 365 Personal or Family subscription to be able to download Office and use it with OneDrive on your PC, but standard OneDrive users have free access to the mobile and web apps. There’s one slight downside: the number of tools at your disposal depends on the plan you’re on: the more you pay, the more you get. Gaining access to these productivity tools make OneDrive one of the best cloud storage for students and professionals. If you use Office tools such as Word and Excel, you’ll appreciate having the ability to create and edit documents directly in OneDrive, which automatically saves those files to the cloud. That said, Microsoft is slowly implementing features that make accounts more secure and man-in-the-middle attacks more difficult (more on that later).ĭespite its flaws, OneDrive still makes it onto our list of best cloud storage services, and there are plenty of reasons why. The service is lacking zero-knowledge encryption, which opens the door to unwanted access. This allows you to create documents and have team calls without having to leave OneDrive.Īlthough Microsoft OneDrive has fast, reliable performance and plenty of features, it does have a major flaw: privacy. Services like Office, Skype, OneNote and Outlook are integrated into the OneDrive platform. In a world filled with options for cloud storage, what makes OneDrive an attractive option for consumers? It has plenty of useful features, which we will get into however, the main selling point is the level of integration. Overall, Microsoft OneDrive is a good choice for both students and professionals.Privacy is where OneDrive drops the ball, with the lack of zero-knowledge encryption.It’s the perfect option for those already using other Microsoft apps.OneDrive is a fast and reliable cloud storage solution.As features advance, we want to keep you up to speed - and that’s exactly what we’re going to do in this extensive OneDrive review. The software has evolved a lot over the years. One of those pies is cloud storage, with Microsoft offering the world OneDrive. MP4 Repair: How to Fix Corrupted Video Files in 2019Īs a leading brand in the tech space, Microsoft puts its fingers in many digital pies.Best Choice Stellar Phoenix Data Recovery.How to Create a Strong Password in 2023: Secure Password Generator & 6 Tips for Strong Passwords.
7/21/2023 0 Comments Shanda sharer bodyThe girls later took her north of Madison, poured gasoline on her body and set her on fire. Tackett beat her with a tire iron until she was silent. They again heard her making noises and stopped the car. She and Loveless then left with Sharer in the trunk. Later, they heard Sharer screaming from the trunk. They put her in the trunk, believing she was dead. They taunted and tortured her, eventually ending up at a garbage dump where they beat her, stabbed her, and strangled her with a rope until she lost consciousness. They then took Sharer to a local spot known as the “Witch’s Castle,” where they bound her arms and legs. Loveless, who was hiding in the back seat of the car, put a knife to the 12-year-old’s throat and asked her about her relationship with her girlfriend. The quartet returned to the home, and Sharer, although reluctant, went with them. Sharer told them she couldn’t leave until later, when her parents went to sleep. 10, 1992, Loveless and Tackett, along with 15-year-old Toni Lawrence and 15-year-old Hope Rippey, arrived at Sharer’s house in an effort to lure her out. Loveless told the others that she wanted to scare Sharer because she’d stolen her girlfriend. Tackett, then 17, was one of four girls involved in the murder, which investigators believed was masterminded by then-16-year-old Melinda Loveless. The 1992 attack gained national attention. She’ll remain on parole for a year once she’s free. She was sentenced to 60 years in prison but has served the required time for her release. Laurie Tackett, now 43, was one of four women convicted in the 1992 death of Shanda Sharer. – A southern Indiana woman convicted in the brutal slaying of a 12-year-old girl 26 years ago will be released from prison Thursday. Please look at the time stamp on the story to see when it was last updated. A picture, based upon the girls' confessions, statements by witnesses and evidence uncovered by investigators, was beginning to emerge of Shanda Sharer's last hours of life, which would make that possible.This is an archived article and the information in the article may be outdated. There was no way Shanda could be brought back, but he was determined that she get justice. While each of the girls tried to play down her own role in the murder, most of their statements matched. The facts were starting to fall into place, and investigators were slowly piecing together what had happened to Shanda. Apparently Loveless and Tackett had confessed to at least three people, two of whom swiftly made statements to Shipley and Henry. The media attention also brought forth several teens who knew the accused and felt they had interesting tidbits of information to contribute. The public was in shock and demanded quick justice for Shanda. Following Loveless and Tackett's hearing, prosecutor Guy Townsend spoke with Hope Rippey's attorney regarding her involvement.īy this time, the media were swarming all over the case, and it was making national headlines. In a separate hearing, Judge Ted Todd waived both girls from the juvenile court system, determining that they would be tried as adults. A single count of murder was entered against both girls, and counsel was appointed to represent them. Investigators questioned both Melinda Loveless and Laurie Tackett before transporting them to the Indiana Circuit Court in Madison. Most revealing of all was the discovery of soot in the upper airway, indicating that she had been alive when she was set on fire. In addition, the extent of rectal bleeding showed that she had been alive at the time of the assault. Lacerations to the anus and rectum indicated a blunt object had been inserted at least three and a half inches. The upper part of the body was covered in third and fourth degree burns, and her tongue protruded through clenched teeth. Her jaw was also removed so that her dentist could make a positive identification. Shanda's fingers were in such distorted condition that they had to be cut off in order to take prints. Ligature marks were found on her wrists, and she had several lacerations on her head, neck and legs. The procedure revealed that she had suffered multiple injuries. George Nichols conducted Shanda's autopsy. 7/21/2023 0 Comments Que es un enigmaHowever, these unmeasured confounders would have to be strongly associated with Covid-19 mortality to explain the observed 28% reduction. Colebunders that other factors could explain the observed association between APOC countries and COVID-19 mortality. Our study was an ecological study prompted by the low frequency of cases and deaths from the SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 virus in some African countries. Colebunders for his comments regarding our manuscript 11. Helminth infections, such as onchocerciasis, may down regulate immune responses 9 and potentially inactivate the inflammatory signalling pathways that may induce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), one of the causes of death in COVID-19 infected persons 10. falciparum infection against severe COVID-19 disease 8. falciparum merozoites primes SARS-CoV-2 infected cells for early phagocytosis and therefore may protect persons with a recent P. falciparum, a parasitic infection highly prevalent in APOC countries, it has been hypothesised that the immunological memory against P. One of them could be exposure to parasitic infections and the immune response induced by these infections. Many factors could explain the lower COVID-19 mortality in APOC countries 7. Given the half-life of ivermectin, approximately 18h 6, it is unlikely that CDTI, only one dose of ivermectin once or twice a year, may be able to reduce COVID-19 related mortality. However, in a recent small double blind, randomized control trial in Colombia, five days of ivermectin, at a 10 times the recommended dose, did not reduce the duration of symptoms of mild COVID-19 disease compared to placebo 5. Ivermectin has an in vitro anti-COVID-19 effect 3 and also certain clinical trials suggested a beneficial effect of ivermectin on COVID-19 disease outcome 4. Moreover, April 1 st 2020, because of the COVID-19 pandemic, CDTI programs were interrupted and were only recently restarted 2. Indeed, in APOC countries ivermectin is distributed only once (most countries) or twice a year 2. However, we do not believe that this is related to CDTI programs. We agree that it remains to be explained why a lower COVID-19 mortality is observed in many APOC countries compared to other parts of the world. The authors suggested that this difference may be related to the community directed treatment with ivermectin (CDTI) programs established in APOC countries. After adjusting for Human Development Index (HDI) and number of performed test, COVID-19 mortality and infection rate were respectively 28% and 8% lower in non-APOC countries compared to APOC countries 1. In an ecological study they compared COVID-19 related mortality and infection rates between APOC (African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control) and non-APOC countries. We read with interest the paper by Guerrero et al “COVID-19: The Ivermectin African Enigma” 1. 7/20/2023 0 Comments Nikki hunter girls in whiteWhen using a search engine such as Google, Bing or Yahoo check the safe search settings where you can exclude adult content sites from your search results Īsk your internet service provider if they offer additional filters īe responsible, know what your children are doing online.Ballerinas unleashed 3 Lesbian8 Lesbian 10:19 Khloe Kapri ass gapes from buttplug anal Porndr Lesbian Anal 06:20 Fisting and lesbian sex from hot Mellie and Annie Megatube Lesbian 04:43 German Lesbian tattoo milfs with big melons kiss and fuck with passion Xozilla Milf German 25:12 This Babe Lesbo Bigtitslust Lesbian 07:46 Brazzers - Hot And Mean - Lucy Doll Tory Lane Runporn Lesbian 08:01 Queening inked sappho pussylicking sixtynine Videosection Lesbian 07:43 Lesbolicous loud orgasms Lesbian8 Ass Lesbian 25:39 Bawdy leony aprill drilled in all positions Freeporn8 Lesbian 08:00 Pristine Edge and Milana Ricci Lesbian MILF Lovers Pornhub Lesbian Milf 05:34 Ginger and Siris big ass xxx by Siri Pornstar Okxxx Hairy Big Ass 06:10 Lesbian Golden Hour Pornhub Lesbian Toys 10:02 Moniq Alexander and Peta Jensen getting fucked in the bathroom Definebabe Lesbian Deepthroat 07:31 Watch ideal Isis Love and Nikki Darlings smut Pornhat Spanking Lesbian 07:30 -tough lesbo breezies- Videosection Lesbian 20:11 Olivia and Alison oil each other up Lesbian8 Lesbian Milf 12:37 Fetish lesbian sex with sex toys from sexy Dorothy Black and Xandra Brill Megatube Lesbian 04:42 Spruce lesbo gets toyed Freeporn8 Lesbian 10:10 Amateur blonde girlfriend toyed and facialized Proporn Amateur Lesbian 19:00 Busty MILF Nurses Cure Patient With Lesbian 3-Way Lesbian8 Milf Lesbian 12:40Ġ1. 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Nicki Hunter GirlfriendsFilms Nicki learns of Danica's acceptance into Girls in White and welcomes her in her own sexy way. 7/20/2023 0 Comments Default folder x for macStep 3: Search for Default Folder X 5.1.6b2 in the /Applications folder, then drag its icon to the Trash icon located at the end of the Dock, and drop it there.Step 4: If prompted, enter administrator password and hit OK to allow the change.Īlso, you can right-click/control click Default Folder X 5.1.6b2 icon and then choose Move to Trash option from the sub menu.Step 5: Choose Finder > Empty Trash from the Menu bar.Or choose right click Trash icon, choose Empty Trash, and Empty Trash again in the pop-up dialog.īesides, you also can trash the app from the Launchpad interface. #Uninstall default folder x passwordĭuring the process, you may be prompted to enter an administrator’s password to make the deletion take effect. Note that the moment you empty the Trash, the app will be permanently removed from your Mac. This act is irrevocable so you must do it with caution. Why I cannot delete Default Folder X 5.1.6b2? Being prompted that “The item Default Folder X 5.1.6b2 can’t be moved to the Trash because it’s open”? This message occurs because Default Folder X 5.1.6b2 (or its background process) is still running. To quit an app, the common way is to right click app icon on the Dock and choose Quit option. To find out and kill related background process(es), you can run Activity Monitor (located in /Applications/Utilities folder) instead. When uninstalling antivirus/security or malware software, the better option is to reboot your Mac into Safe Mode to prevent automatic launch, and then perform the uninstallation.Īdditionally, if Default Folder X 5.1.6b2 comes with a built-in uninstaller, or it was installed via the Mac App Store, there is an alternative way you can take to perform the uninstallation. (1) Apps downloaded from the App Store: Click the Launchpad icon in the Dock, and search for the app in Launchpad interface. Hold down the app icon until all the icons begin to jiggle, then click the delete button that appears in the upper left corner of the icon, and click Delete again in the pop-up dialog to execute the uninstallation. (2) Apps that have an dedicated uninstaller: Head to the /Applications folder in Finder. Try to open the folder where the app is stored (or its installation package file if you still keep it on your Mac). Question 2: How can I delete traces pertaining to Default Folder X 5.1.6b2? If there is an items with the name of Uninstall, double-click to launch it and follow the onscreen instructions to complete the removal process.Īfter having successfully uninstalled Default Folder X 5.1.6b2, you can proceed with the next steps. Some users may think that leaving invalid preferences and support files on the hard drive does not do much harm. Most of the time, these files will use very little space and won’t cause a problem. Step 6: Open Finder, and choose the Go > Go to Folder from the Menu Bar.īut it is not recommended to leave them alone if you want to perform a fresh installation, or reclaim valuable disk space.Workflow without work: Rather than make you learn and set up a new application, Default Folder X blends into OS X.ĭefault Folder X v5.5b2 Patched (macOS).zip (17.Step 7: Type /Library in the Go to Folder box and hit Enter key to open it up.Information central: With Default Folder X you get previews below every Open dialog, expanded to fill the available space.Spotlight on the spot: Default Folder X lets you add Spotlight keywords, OpenMeta tags, and Finder labels on the spot, while you’re still in the Save dialog.Instant Recall: To help you quickly return to folders you’ve recently used, Default Folder X remembers them for you.Finder management: Default Folder X lets you open up or save to any Finder window with a single click.Real-time saving: If you’re constantly saving things inside the same folder, Default Folder X can remember that folder for you.Directory assistant: You can access the contents of your recent, favorite, and open folders right from Default Folder X’s toolbar.It also fixes a number of problems in Open and Save dialogs, “rebounding” to the last selected file, putting the path listing back in the top menu, and correcting bugs in scrolling column view. You just click on the buttons to go to your favorite and recently used folders, manage the folders and files shown in the list, and make changes to your settings. The toolbar gives you fast access to various folders and commands. Default Folder X attaches a toolbar to the right side of the Open and Save dialogs in any OS X-native application. 7/20/2023 0 Comments Snus gesundheitSnus is distinctly different to other oral tobacco products due to the unique manufacturing process involved. Air-cured tobacco is ground, mixed with salt and water and then processed under strict quality and regulatory controls using a technique similar to pasteurisation. Snus is a moist oral tobacco product which is placed behind the upper lip, either loose or in portioned sachets, which resemble miniature tea bags. The available scientific data, including long-term population studies conducted by independent bodies, demonstrates that the health risks associated with snus are considerably lower than those associated with cigarette smoking. Overall, prevalence statistics and epidemiological data indicate that the use of snus confers a significant harm reduction benefit which is reflected in the comparatively low levels of tobacco-related disease in Sweden when compared with the rest of Europe. European data published by the World Health Organisation in 2018 indicated that Sweden had the lowest rate of tobacco-related mortality and the lowest incidence of male lung cancer. The most recent Eurobarometer data from 2017 reported that Sweden had the lowest prevalence of daily cigarette use in the European Union at 5% whilst daily “oral tobacco” use was reported to be 20%. Snus use is associated with the presence of non-neoplastic oral mucosal lesions which are reported to heal rapidly once use has stopped. Studies investigating snus use and diabetes have reported that high consumption of snus (estimated as being four or more cans per week) may be associated with a higher risk of developing diabetes or components of metabolic syndrome however, overall results are not conclusive. The scientific literature generally indicates that the use of snus is not a significant risk factor for developing lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer or oral cancer. The review also examines the harm reduction potential of snus as an alternative to cigarettes by comparing the prevalence of snus use and cigarette smoking, and the reported incidence of tobacco-related diseases across European Union countries. The purpose of this review is to examine the reported effects of snus use in relation to specified health effects, namely lung cancer, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer, diabetes, oral cancer and non-neoplastic oral disease. All rights reserved.Snus is an oral smokeless tobacco product which is usually placed behind the upper lip, either in a loose form or in portioned sachets, and is primarily used in Sweden and Norway. © Copyright 2020 European Journal of Sport Science. It is crucial that athletes are fully educated with regards to the health implications of snus and other oral tobacco-based products, whilst practitioners should be aware of its growing prevalence in sport with strategies in place to discourage its use. Perhaps most worrying, the use of snus has been reported to be prevalent within younger athletes. Despite snus having serious adverse health effects, along with no proven benefit to physical or mental performance, observations by the authors working in professional sport, along with several reports in the mainstream media, would suggest that the use of snus in elite sport appears to be increasing. Snus (an oral tobacco based product containing the highly addictive compound nicotine) is one alternative `physical and psychological performance enhancer`, purported to act as a `mental and physical booster`, `relaxative` and even as an `appetite suppressor`. Due to this, non-scientifically evidenced and/or pseudo-scientific alternative remedies are ever popular. The elite sport environment is one where athletes strive to find a competitive edge, through improved recovery modalities, cognitive performance or physical capacity. |